Весеннее орнитологическое обследование Талышских гор в Азербайджане
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52575/2712-9047-2023-5-2-194-218Ключевые слова:
орнитологическое обследование, обилие, Талышские горы, АзербайджанАннотация
Представлены материалы учетов птиц в Талышских горах в апреле 2019 года. Полевое обследование выполнено в трех высотных поясах: высокогорные пастбища и полупустынные территории Зуванда, переходная зона в среднегорье с фрагментированными лесами и пастбищами в районе Лерика, старовозрастные леса в Гирканском национальном парке. Всего зарегистрировано 104 вида птиц, их них 73 вида воробьиных. В открытых ландшафтах высокогорий преобладают мигранты, в лесных массивах – оседлые виды птиц. Доминантами в сообществе птиц открытых пастбищ выступают Linaria cannabina, Oenanthe oenanthe, Emeberiza cia, Upupa epops, Dendrocopos syriacus, на лесных территориях – Fringilla coelebs, Parus ater, Sitta europaea, Troglodytes troglodytes, Phoenicurus phoenicurus и другие. В пределах сельских поселений преобладают Columba livia, Passer domesticus, Parus major, Sturnus vulgaris. Леса Гирканского национального парка представляют собой ключевую территорию, поддерживающую существование популяций Poecile hyrcanus, Ficedula semitorquata, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Jynx torquilla. Средняя суммарная плотность птиц в открытых высокогорных ландшатах Зуванда составила 172 особи/км2, в переходной зоне фрагментированных лесов и пастбищ – 373 особи/км2, в старовозрастных лесах – 1180 особей/км2. Подчеркивается важность охраны сообществ птиц и их местообитаний.
Благодарности
Авторы благодарны властям города Астара и национального парка Гиркан за их помощь в получении необходимых разрешений на посещение охраняемых территорий. Мы также хотим поблагодарить Тофика Алиева и местных жителей, которые бескорыстно помогли нам в организации полевых работ. Авторы благодарны Владимиру Сотникову (Кировский зоологический музей) за идею этой экспедиции и Елене Мишутинской (Вятский государственный университет) за помощь в переводе этой рукописи на английский язык.
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